OPTIMASI KONSENTRASI INOKULUM, RASIO C:N:P DAN pH PADA PROSES BIOREMEDIASI LIMBAH PENGILANGAN MINYAK BUMI MENGGUNAKAN KULTUR CAMPURAN

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ABSTRAK: The purposes of this research were to obtain the best inoculum concentration, C:N:P ratio, and pH, and also to identify the ability of mixed culture of hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria in oil  waste  degradation.  The  isolats  were  used  are  Acinetobacter  baumanni,  Alcaligenes eutrophus,  Bacillus  sp1.,  Methylococcus  capsulatus,  Bacillus  sp2.,  Morococcus  sp., Pseudomonas  diminuta,  Xanthomonas  albilineans,  Bacillus  cereus  and  Flavobacterium branchiophiia.  Variation  of  inoculum  concentrations  were  10%,  15%,  and  20%  (v/v), C:N:P ratios were 100:10:1, 100:10:0,5, 100:5:1, and 100:5:0,5, and pH were 6,5, 7,0, 7,5. Observed  parameters  in  optimization  were  Total  Plate  Count  (TPC)  the  culture  every  24 hours,  Total  Petroleum  Hydrocarbon  (TPH)  and  Chemical  Oxygen  Demand  (COD) examined  at  the  end  of  the  bioremediation  period.  Best  optimization  result  then  analyzed with GC/MS. Optimization result indicated the best inoculum concentration was 10% with TPH degradation 61,79% and COD slope 61,75%. It is assumed that the low value of TPH degradation  and  COD  slope  at  15%  and  20%  inoculum  concentration  were  caused  by competition  inside  the  bacterial  population  at  that  high  inoculum  concentration.  The competition  result  in  low  growth  and  degradation.  C:N:P  ratio  was  100:5:1  with  TPH degradation  66,55% and  COD  slope  85,18%. It  is  assumed  that  the  C:N:P  ratio  is  equal, so it can enhance the bioremediation procces. The best pH was 7,5 with TPH degradation 73,24% and COD slope 86,28%. The process at the optimum conditions using inoculum as a  mixed  culture  enhanced  the  bioremediation  process  with  the  result  as  follows,  TPH degradation  93,06%,  COD  90,73%  for  treatment.  The  chromatogram  indicated  that  total hydrocarbon  compound  from  nC9  –  nC32  have  been  degraded  by  43,413%  –  63,117%.  A good  result  of  bioremediation  was  obtained  from  mixed  culture  inoculum  at  10% concentration, C:N:P ratio of 100:5:1, and pH 7,5.
Keywords:  Bioremediation,  hydrocarbonoclastic  bacteria,  inoculum  concentration, C:N:P ratio, pH
Penulis: Syukria Ikhsan Zam
Kode Jurnal: jpbiologidd100009

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Jp Biologi dd 2010