BANTUAN EKSPOR DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR INTERNAL SEBAGAI ANTESEDEN BAGI ADAPTASI PRODUK, KEUNGGULAN BERSAING DAN KINERJA EKSPOR (STUDI PADA USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA DAN JAWA TENGAH)
ABSTRACT: The primary
objectives of this research are to examine and explain the role of export
assistance (given by the government) as well as the internal factors (export
commitment, satisfaction with prior year’s export performance, management
international experience) and to implement product adaptation strategy to
create competitive advantage and improving SMEs’ export performance. The design
of the research is mixed method. The target population of the research is
exporter SMEs of furniture and craft in Yogyakarta and Central Java. The data
was collected using questionnaire which involved 130 respondents (net response
rate 76.5%), and in-depth interviews which involved 13 informants. The findings
of the research do not fully support the contingency approach. The export
performance of SMEs is directly influenced by competitive advantage,
satisfaction with prior year’s export performance, and export assistance. The
competitive advantage is directly influenced by product adaptation strategy,
export commitment, and management international experience. Product adaptation
strategy implemented by most of SMEs affects the competitive advantage, but it
does not promote direct influence to export performance financially.
Competitive advantage is a crucial factor for it is able to function as key
mediator to support internal factors and product adaptation strategy in
improving the export volume, revenue, and profitability. The research findings
show that product adaptation strategy and internal factors (commitment and
international experience) play bigger roles as antecedent of long term export
success which is competitive advantage, while export assistance only functions
as antecedent of short term export success which is financial export
performance.
Keywords: export, SMEs, export
assistance, satisfaction, international experience, commitment, product
adaptation, competitive advantage, performance
Penulis: Siti Dyah Handayani,
Ubud Salim, Mintarti Rahayu, Djumahir
Kode Jurnal: jpmanajemendd100072
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