EVALUATION OF THE USE OF GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM) IN ENHANCING NONSPECIFIC IMMUNE RESPONSE AND GROWTH OF NILE TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS)
ABSTRACT: The objective of
this research was to examine the effect of garlic (Allium sativum) at different
doses on nonspecific immune response and growth of nile tilapia (Oreochromis
niloticus). Experimental fish was nile tilapia measuring 8-15 cm with an
average weight of 10.4 g per individual. Before used in the experiment, fish
were reared in fiber tank for two weeks for acclimatization. After
acclimatization, the fish were moved into glass aquarium (50 cm x 30 cm x 30
cm) at the density of 15 fish/aquarium. Each aquarium was equipped with
aerator. Five doses of garlic as treatments used in this research consisted of
A= 0 g/kg diet, B= 10 g/kg, C= 20 g/kg, D= 30 g/kg and E= 40 g/kg. Fish was fed
experimental diet at a dose of 5% of body weight per day, twice a day at 08.00
and 17.00. Data collected at the end of the experiment included immune
parameters (TLC and phagocytosis activity) and growth of fish. ANOVA was used
to evaluate the effect of treatments on immune response and growth of fish
while Duncan Test was used to evaluate the different effect between treatments.
Research result showed that after four weeks of feeding, TLC of fish fed diet
supplemented with garlic significantly different (p<0,01) as compared to
that of control fish. The highest number of TLC was observed at treatment C
(15.413x107 cell.ml-1) followed by treatment B (15.39x107 cell.ml-1), D (13,920
x 107 cell.ml-1), E (13,582 x 107 cell.ml-1) and A (12,195 x 107 cell.ml-1).
TLC of fish in treatment C was different significantly compared to control as
well as to other treatments. Phagocytosis activity of fish in treatment C also
increased significantly (p<0,01) compared to control. The highest PA was
achieved in treatment C and then treatment B, D, E and A. Growth of fish in
treatment C was different significantly compared to control fish as well as
other treatments. As conclusion, oral administration of garlic at 20 g/kg diet
could enhance nonspecific immune response and growth of nile tilapia.
Key words: Garlic, Immune
response, Total leukocyte count , Phagocytosis activity, Growth
Penulis: Gercyana Marentek,
Henky Manoppo, Sammy N.J Longdong
Kode Jurnal: jpperikanandd130129