Unconscious Structures in the Japanese Folk Tales Hebi No Yomeiri, Hato No Koukou, Tsuru No On’gaeshi, and Tanabata
Abstract: This article
analyzes four Japanese folk tales (myths) using the unconscious structures
approach pioneered by Lévi-Strauss to uncover the connections between these
myths and the unconscious structures of the society that holds them. The first
step is to find the outer structures of the four analyzed myths and analyze
them both synchronically and diachronically to find their component mythemes.
The second step is to analyze and identify the inner structures of these
mythemes. These inner structures can then be refined into a series of binary
oppositions. Subsequently, the structures of these myths are connected to
ethnographic data of the Japanese people, thus producing transformations which
indicate the unconscious structures under investigatie. This analysis shows
there are oppositional logics centered around the concept of duty, a
fundamental part of Japanese morality – opposition between “willingness” and
“reluctance” as well as between “gimu”and “giri”. These oppositional logics are
the unconscious structures of their reason for duty, rooted in the concept of
“obeisance”.
Author: Robi Wibowo
Journal Code: jpantropologigg160022
