KPM VERSUS PELNI: PERSAINGAN MEREBUT HEGEMONI JARINGAN PELAYARAN DI NUSANTARA, 1945–1960
Abstract: This study examines
the competition between KPM versus PT Pelni in seizing the network hegemony
cruise in the archipelago in 1945 to 1960 using the historical method. KPM is a
major shipping company that was also founded by two major companies
Rotterdamsche Lloyd (RL) and Stoomvaart Maatschappij Nederland (SMN)
headquartered in Amsterdam the Netherlands. KPM serve scheduled regular
shipping route for passengers and cargo between islands in the Dutch East
Indies then more popular with the term as a post cruise between islands. KPM
also play an important role to support and assist the colonial government in
the process of penetration and pacification (conquest), especially in areas
outside Java. On the other hand, PT PELNI established by the Indonesian
government in the framework of the national development of a country that is
still young, especially in the field of shipping. PELNI as well as KPM, also
serves as centraal vervoersapparaat. Therefore, the government considers KPM
c.q PELNI that dominate the cruise between islands in Indonesia are competitors
and inhibitors of national development in the field of shipping. Post-transfer
of sovereignity and the cancellation of the agreement KMB unilaterally by
President Sukarno on May 3, 1956 resulted in the position of Dutch companies
including KPM are at stake. This was exacerbated by the outbreak of the
conflict between Indonesia and the Netherlands on Dutch New Guinea or West
Papua, Indonesia implement the program so that the overall nationalization of
the Dutch companies, including KPM.
Penulis: Bambang Surowo
Kode Jurnal: jpsejarahdd160155
