Verification of the reflective model of first order factors for reward and empowerment constructs, based on questionnaires derived from Lawler et al. (1991)
Abstract: involvement
practices have traditionally been classified in four main categories: training,
communication, rewards and empowerment. In order to measure the degree of
implementation of these programs, different questionnaires have been developed.
In this paper, we have identified 3 types of questionnaires and we have deeply
analyzed the psychometrical properties of one of these types: questionnaires
derived from Lawler et al. (1991). The most recent investigation seems to show
that psychometrical properties of both training and communication constructs
are appropriate. However, it is necessary to work on rewards and empowerment
scales. This research analyzes, by means
of confirmatory factorial, two reflective measurement models, already present
in the previous literature of rewards and empowerment scales.
Design/methodology/approach: Spanish samples from 1997 (n=105), as well
as United States ones (n=212 dating 1996 and n=143 dating 1999) have been used.
Convergent and discriminant validity were tested.
Findings and Originality/value: None of the models presents and
acceptable adjustment in the used samples. Therefore, a possible future line of
investigation in order to check whether the measurement model of rewards and
empowerment constructs is formative instead of reflective, has been opened.
Practical implications: Practitioners can profit from the results of this
research because questionnaires validity will allow companies to have
measurement and good practices diagnosis tools that can be used either for
internal benchmarking or for the comparison with reference groups of companies.
Originality/value: Our paper identifies three questionnaire typologies
used in the field of investigations of rewards and empowerment practices. We
show that the point of view with which the scales of theses questionnaires have
been treated has always been reflective. Moreover, this is one of the few
papers that have checked the validity of the measurement model of
questionnaires derived from Lawler et al. (1991). It questions the validity of
a single questionnaire with similar samples, of different years, and
simultaneously, with samples from same years but from different countries.
Author: Juan A. Marin-Garcia,
Graziela Conci
Journal Code: jptindustrigg120023
