SISTEM LELANG DAN SISTEM SWAKELOLA DALAM MANAJEMEN IRIGASI DI TINGKAT JARINGAN TERSIER (Studi Kasus di Sistem Irigasi Desa Kalirejo, Kudus, Jawa Tengah)
ABSTRACT: Irrigation is one of
impartant factors in increasing land productivity. In Java government has
established irrigation dam to boost food production especially paddy in the
period 1950-1980. After that period, governments found its difficulty to fund
the recurring costs of irrigation. The government policy has changed from
establishing new reservoir to managing water irrigation. In Central Java,
irrigatioan water management has changed by the time, especially in tertiary
canal. It was manged by ulu-ulu before 1976, then changed to dharma tirta by
swakelola system. In 1990s government has been united the water management in
tertiary canal by legalizing water organization through generating water usage
association (Persatuan Petani Pemakai Air – P3A). Started from 2005 some farmer
tried to apply another system that is called lelang system. However explanation
of these syetems is still not clear. Therefore, the objectives of this research
are (1) to define the lelang system and swakelola system in water management,
(2) to distinguish advantages and disadvantages of the two systems. Research
was counducted in Kalirejo Village, Kudus District, Central Java Province. In
the village some P3As has been applying swakelola system and another P3A has
applying lelang system. Decriptive and comparative analysis with institutional
approach was apllied to respond objectives of this research. The results show
that lelang system is irrigation water management that the board member is
selected by auction, where the highest biddest becomes chairman of P3A. The
auction is conduted in general meeting, where initial bdding is decided by
agreement between farmer and P3A candidate that facilitated by village. The
money is allocated to establish agriculture infrastructure such as road
agriculture, agriculture bridge, drainage infrastructure and so on. Water fee
by farmer is also decided in the meeting. In the swakelola system selection of
board member (including chairman of P3A) is decided by discussion. Then,
payment in advance is not required, in deed the agriculture infrastructure
would be provided by after receiving water fee from farmer. The advantages of
lelang system is availability of money in advance that is important to provide
agriculture infrastructure, whereas the disadvantages of the lelang system is
its potential in poor water management (especially in maintaining tertiary
canal and other additional task). This is due to possibility of board member of
P3A who are not farmer which low experience and knowledge to manage water
irrigation on that field. The advantage of swakelola system is board member
comes from farmer who has good knowledge and understand in field condition,
while the disadvantage of swakelola system is low possibility in providing
agriculture infrastructure, especially in poor finance management.
Penulis: Mohammad Rondhi
Kode Jurnal: jppertaniandd151049
