CAROTENOID-ENRICHED DIET FOR PRE-MATURATION STAGE OF POND-REARED TIGER SHRIMP, Penaeus monodon PART I. THE EFFECTS ON GROWTH, PIGMENTATION AND WHOLE BODY NUTRIENT CONTENT
Abstract: Carotenoids, besides
as a natural pigment, may have vital roles in the growth of crustacean. The aim
of this study was to clarify the influence of combined carotenoids given since
pre-maturation stage on the growth performances, pigmentation and biochemical
composition of the whole body of pond-reared tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon. Two
experimental diets were supplemented with or without carotenoid mixture
consisting of astaxanthin, canthaxanthin and other carotenoids contained in
Spirulina. The carotenoid mixture was supplemented in the commercial diet
normally used as a starter feed for tiger shrimp, re-pelleted and fed to tiger
shrimp with an initial body weight of 31.7±1.3 g. Shrimp were stocked in four
1,000 m2 concrete ponds with a density of 1 shrimp/m2 and fed until the shrimp
reached maturation stage (broodstock size). Variables observed were growth
performances and pigmentation properties during the pre-maturation stage and
total carotenoid content in several tissues of the female broodstock after being
fed with the diets until maturation stage. After 16 weeks, shrimp fed with
carotenoid-enriched diet (PC) diet produced significantly (P<0.05) higher
biomass than the diet without the enrichment (PO). The color of raw shrimp fed
with PC diet was darker with greenish-brown compared to shrimp fed PO diet
which was greenish blue. The visual appearances of 3-min steamed shrimp
produced the color of red-orange for shrimp fed carotenoid compared to
orange-yellow for control PO. The total carotenoid content in the whole body of
shrimp fed PC diet were significantly (P<0.05) enhanced compared to control
PO diet which was 42.8 ±5.8 and 55.8± 5.1 µg/g for PO and PC diet,
respectively. Supplemental carotenoid in the pre-maturation diet increased the
biomass production from 23.1±1.9 kg to 30.2 ±0.1 kg and enhanced the color of
the shrimp which was in line with carotenoid content in the whole body of
pond-reared tiger shrimp.
Keywords: pre-maturation;
carotenoid-enriched diet; pigmentation; pond-reared tiger shrimp
Author: Asda Laining, Ike
Trismawanti, Kamaruddin, Makmur
Journal Code: jpperikanangg170026
Artikel Terkait :
Jp Perikanan gg 2017
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