THE SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINANTS OF HIV INFECTION IN FEMALE SEX WORKERS IN INDONESIA
ABSTRACT: Human
Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is one of the emerging infectious
diseases which adult prevalence is almost 1% from the total population in the
world. Female sex workers (FSWs) are one group of population who at risk on
this epidemic. Many factors are make FSWs more vulnerable to HIV compared to
other groups in the population.
Method : This is a literature review to learn about the social and
environmental determinants of HIV infection in FSWs in Indonesia.
Result : National AIDS Commission Republic of Indonesia reported 333,200
people living with HIV (PLHIV) are estimated at the end of the year of 2009.
Integrated Behaviour Biological Survey in 2007 stated the prevalence of HIV
infection were from 6% to 16% among direct FSWs and from 2% to 9% among
indirect FSWs. Social determinant that influenced the vulnerability of FSWs on
HIV infection included economic pressure and poverty, educational and personal
life background, women role, legal aspect and policies, and trafficking and
violence. Whereas, the environmental factors are workplace location, health
care services, and mobility.
Conclusion : Several social and environmental determinants are
contributed the HIV vulnerability among FSWs in Indonesia both directly and
indirectly. These factors and determinants frequently collaborate with each
other to facilitate HIV transmission. Several barriers and enablers for FSWs to
change their risky behaviour to be less risky are also detected which very
important in FSWs-HIV prevention programs.
Keywords: Determinants,
Environmental, Female Sex Workers, HIV, Indonesia, Social
Penulis: Ni Wayan Septarini
Kode Jurnal: jpkesmasdd140666